Healthcare Power of Attorney: Understanding Its Role in Senior Care

Imagine facing a medical emergency where decisions must be made, but no one has the legal authority to act on your behalf. Without a healthcare power of attorney (HCPOA), your loved ones may not have a voice in your medical care.

At Addington Place of Mt. Pleasant, we want our seniors to have control over their healthcare, even when they can't speak for themselves. An HCPOA is one tool you can use to make that happen.

Learn why every adult should have this and other senior legal documents as part of their advance care planning. We'll even provide tips on how to set up an HCPOA.

What a Healthcare Power of Attorney Can Do

Sometimes, the terms used in advance care planning can be confusing. Many people assume a power of attorney refers to a person, but it's legal document that designates a trusted individual - called a healthcare agent or proxy - to handle medical decision-making when someone is unable to communicate their wishes.

An HCPOA only applies to medical decisions. A healthcare agent may:

• Approve or decline medical treatments based on prior discussions or known preferences

• Make decisions about surgeries, medications, or life-sustaining measures

• Choose healthcare providers or care facilities if a change is needed

• Access medical records to stay informed about the individual's condition

While an HCPOA covers healthcare choices, it does not grant authority over financial or legal matters. Other legal documents address those aspects of planning.

Other Key Senior Legal Documents

A healthcare power of attorney is just one part of a comprehensive advanced care plan. An attorney who specializes in estate planning for aging adults can help you determine what you need for your unique situation.

While an HCPOA covers healthcare decisions, the following documents provide additional protections.

Durable Power of Attorney (DPOA)

A DPOA grants authority to a trusted individual to manage your financial affairs. This includes paying bills, handling investments, and managing property. Unlike an HCPOA, it does not cover medical decisions.

Living Wills

A living will outlines preferences for end-of-life care, such as the use of ventilators or feeding tubes. However, it does not appoint a decision-maker, so it works best alongside an HCPOA.

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Orders

A DNR order instructs medical teams not to perform CPR if a person stops breathing or their heart stops. You must complete a DNR order with a physician or healthcare provider.

Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST)

A POLST form provides emergency instructions based on a patient's medical condition and treatment preferences. Unlike a living will, it is a medical order signed by a doctor, ensuring that healthcare providers follow the outlined directives in urgent situations. A POLST is usually printed on colored paper (to draw attention) and posted in a prominent area in a person's home.

Having the right combination of documents gives you greater control over future healthcare choices while reducing uncertainty for your loved ones. The legal documents we've mentioned should be kept in a safe space where your chosen healthcare agent can access them quickly.

Why Seniors Need a Healthcare Power of Attorney

Medical emergencies can happen without warning, yet according to the Federation of American Scientists, 40% of Medicare beneficiaries don't have an advance healthcare directive. Without clear instructions, doctors may resort to aggressive treatments that a patient would not have chosen.

A healthcare power of attorney has several benefits, including:

• Guarantees treatment choices reflect your values

• Promotes quicker action in urgent situations

• Helps prevent disagreements within the family

Having an HCPOA provides control over healthcare decisions and spares loved ones from difficult guesswork during a crisis. Perhaps, this is one of the most thoughtful gifts you can give the people who love you.

While it's certainly important if you're in an assisted living community, an HCPOA is vital if you or a loved one transition to memory care.

How to Choose a Healthcare Agent

Choosing a healthcare agent is one of the most important decisions in advanced care planning. This person will be responsible for making medical decisions on your behalf, so it's essential to select the right individual.

• Look for someone who can handle pressure

• Choose a person who respects your preferences

• Consider availability and willingness

Many seniors choose a spouse or adult child, but a trusted friend or legal representative can also be a great option. Before designating a healthcare agent, it's crucial to have an open and honest conversation with the person you're considering. Clear communication also helps avoid confusion during critical times, making sure the agent can make decisions confidently.

While our residents at Addington Place of Mt. Pleasant enjoy access to excellent amenities, including professional and caring staff, we cannot serve as your healthcare agent. It's important to choose someone independent who can focus solely on your best interests when making decisions about your care.

Legal Steps for Setting Up an HCPOA

Each state has specific requirements for legally designating a healthcare power of attorney. Be careful about using online resources that may not be reliable as far as following state-specific legal requirements.

In Iowa, seniors should follow these steps:

Consult an Attorney

An elder law attorney can help draft the document to comply with Iowa laws. According to the Iowa State Bar Association, you can designate an attorney as your HCPOA.

Sign in the Presence of Witnesses

The document typically requires witnesses. Many states require a notary, but your attorney will let you know about any additional requirements you need to meet.

Distribute Copies

File your originals in a safe location. Give your designated healthcare agent, medical providers, and trusted family members copies of your HCPOA.

Addington Place of Mt. Pleasant Respects Your Decisions

A healthcare power of attorney is an essential part of your advance care planning process. It protects your preferences when you're unable to speak for yourself.

At Addington Place of Mt. Pleasant, we understand the importance of planning for the future. Our supportive environment lets our seniors feel secure knowing their care is handled with respect and attention to their unique needs.

Reach out today to learn more about how we can help you plan for peace of mind in your golden years.